The defense, aviation, and oil industries used various ILS techniques, such as failure reporting, analysis, and corrective action system (FRACAS), failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA), reliability centered maintenance (RCM), level of repair analysis (LORA), and life-cycle costing (LCC). ILS is an engineering and management tool that when used correctly ensures that the owner and user will receive a project that meet their performance and support requirements (El-Haram & Horner, 2002). The construction industry, however, has not fully embraced the ILS techniques. As a result, the industry has underperformed for many years, preferring cost approaches that do not account for LCC (John, Clements-Croome, Fairey, and Loy, 2005).
This case study examines the impact of leader visibility on servant leadership and leadership in general. Interviews with leaders and followers indicate that leader visibility is necessary to influence constituents. However, at the New Jersey site of the ABC Chemical Company where I conducted the study, leaders shunned visibility, which lead to
less communication than required for high performance organizations. Leaders that are not visible are less able to share the vision of the organization with employees. Therefore, it is difficult for these leaders to influence the climate of the organization and hence organizational change. This case study provides leaders and potential leaders with behavioral information from a Christian point of view that could improve their approach to leadership.
The Federal Reverse, banks and the public are essential in the process of monetary expansion. However, when the Federal Reserve increases the federal funds rate, it adversely affects the ability of the banking system to expand the money supply. Banks expand the money supply by loaning money to the public. Thus, credit is necessary to increase domestic currency in circulation and hence effective demand, production, and employment.
Organizations adopt enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, a software program integrating core business functions, to enhance organizational performance. However, ERP systems often run into implementation problems and thus have not lived up to all the promises suggested by advocates. Implementation problems may be traceable to lack of input from employees and delegation of ERP functionality to vendors and consultants. This study investigates the impact of procedural justice, perceived organizational support, and ERP leadership during the ERP implementation process on employee involvement with, and commitment to, ERP systems.
Custodial work is a process with clearly defined, actionable, and measurable tasks. Therefore, it requires thoughtful design to maximize quality and minimize cost. Thus, a good cleaning program is first created on paper, pilot tested to ensure that it is devoid of inefficient tools and equipment (Frank, 1999). The result of a good cleaning program is that cleaning specialists do not perform redundant tasks nor expend unnecessary energy and organizations achieve higher cleaning quality while minimizing cleaning cost.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are commercial software packages used by organizations and institutions to integrate business processes across organizational functions and locations. ERP systems could integrate financial, distribution, logistics, quality control, human resources, and other modules that enable real-time access to information across governmental functions and locations.
The vast majority of organizational innovations, although technically sound, do not succeed. Failure often resides in organizational implementation. Often organizations introduce innovations without employees’ involvement, as a result they do not gain employees’ commitment. Many organizational initiatives do not address employees’ social issues and only stress rigid top down technical approaches as the key to organizational changes.
Life cycle cost (LCC) is an important technique for evaluating the total cost of ownership between mutually exclusive alternatives. Executive Order 13123 requires government agencies to use life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) to minimize the government’s cost of ownership. Unfortunately, many stakeholders do not understand the concept of cost and proceed to minimize project acquisition (first) cost, rather than total project cost. However, over the life of the project, facility management cost is often two to three times higher than acquisition costs. Therefore, it is essential to design for minimum facility management cost.
Assessment and accreditation are important tools for improving accountability and diversity in educational systems, particularly when coupled to measurable goals and robust performance systems.
The availability of relatively cheap crude oil is an important variable in the growth of developed and developing
economies. As a result, the US Department of Energy indicated that crude oil is the lifeblood of the US economy.